The African Academy of Sciences (AAS) is committed to driving transformative change across the continent through cutting-edge research and development. One of the key initiatives under the AAS is the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence (ARISE) programme, which supports African scientists who are tackling some of the continent’s most pressing challenges. Among these dedicated researchers is Dr Sidy Ba, an Associate Professor of Environmental Engineering at the National School of Engineers of Bamako (ENI-ABT) in Mali. Dr Ba’s work focuses on removing pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater using nature-based solutions (NBS), positioning him at the forefront of environmental biotechnology in Africa. Below are excerpts from an engagement with Dr Ba.
So, who is Dr Sidy Ba?
I’m an Associate Professor of Environmental Engineering at the National School of Engineers of Bamako (ENI-ABT), where I lead research on environmental pollution and solutions for wastewater treatment. My journey into this field began years ago when I recognized the pressing need to tackle pharmaceutical contaminants, an area often overlooked in Africa. I am passionate about using nature-based solutions (NBS) to address this issue, particularly through oxidative enzymes, which are showing remarkable potential for environmental remediation.
Why Pharmaceutical Pollution?
During my doctoral research at the Université de Sherbrooke in Canada, I discovered how pharmaceutical pollutants—compounds from medications that end up in our water sources—can linger in the environment, causing harm to both ecosystems and human health. The conventional wastewater treatment systems we have today just aren’t designed to remove these contaminants effectively. This realization was a wake-up call for me.
I experimented with enzymes like laccase and tyrosinase, which have the unique ability to break down complex pollutants. The results were promising, and I began to envision a future where these enzymes could be used on a larger scale, especially in Africa, where the issue is seldom addressed. After completing my studies, I knew I had to bring this knowledge back home. The opportunity to take my work to the next level came when I became an ARISE grantee, and I’ve been working ever since to implement enzyme-based solutions in Africa.
Can Enzyme Solve the pollution problem? 
The ARISE programme has been a game-changer. My current project, Enzymatic Biotechnology for Nature-Based Remediation of Environmental Pollution (ENZYREP), aims to harness the power of enzymes to clean up both wastewater and soil. In simple terms, enzymes are like nature’s little workers—they break down substances into smaller, less harmful components. They’re non-toxic, renewable, and remarkably efficient. With ENZYREP, I am focusing on using enzymes to tackle pharmaceutical contaminants, heavy metals, and other pollutants in African water sources.
The potential here is enormous. Enzymes can transform harmful compounds into safer byproducts, making them ideal for large-scale environmental remediation. Through my research, I hope to not only reduce pollution but also inspire other scientists to explore sustainable solutions.
How has the ARISE programme helped you build a Research Community in Mali?
One of the most rewarding aspects of my journey has been the opportunity to build a dedicated team of young researchers in Mali. Thanks to the ARISE grant, I’ve been able to equip my lab with state-of-the-art instruments and train graduate students who share my passion for environmental sustainability. Some of my students have even travelled to places like South Africa, Spain, and Denmark to train in world-class research facilities. They’re now back in Mali, contributing their knowledge to our local projects.
Watching my students grow has been incredibly fulfilling. They’re not just learning technical skills; they’re becoming part of a global network of scientists working to solve some of the biggest challenges we face today. It’s inspiring to see how far they’ve come and how committed they are to making a difference.
What is the potential impact of your work on the future of Africa?
My work doesn’t stop at water treatment. I’m also exploring how enzyme-based solutions can benefit sustainable agriculture in Africa. Enzymes have a role to play in soil health, particularly by helping to create nitrogen-rich organic fertilizers. These fertilizers can improve soil quality and yield healthier crops, providing a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers, which are often expensive and environmentally damaging.
The potential impact on public health is another motivator for me. In Africa, pharmaceutical contaminants are a growing concern. They contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a global public health crisis that makes treating infections more difficult. By addressing these contaminants at the source, I believe we can make a significant difference in public health outcomes across the continent.
What is Your Vision for the Next Generation of Environmental Scientists
My vision extends beyond my own research. I want to cultivate a generation of African scientists who are not only skilled in environmental science but also passionate about applying their knowledge to local challenges. I’ve built strong partnerships with research institutions across Africa and Europe, and I’m committed to providing my students with opportunities to learn from the best in the field. They gain hands-on experience through collaborative projects, and they come away with a global perspective that’s crucial for tackling complex environmental issues.
I’ve seen firsthand how academic mobility can open doors for young scientists. The students I’ve mentored have travelled to South Africa, Nigeria, Senegal, and even China. These experiences give them exposure to the latest technologies and ideas, helping them become leaders in environmental science and water technology. I am glad that they always come and practice back home. 
Looking to the Future
As I look ahead, my aspiration is to build a world-class research center in Mali focused on environmental science and sustainable development. I dream of transforming the Laboratory of Chemical & Environmental Engineering at ENI-ABT into a hub of innovation that produces science-driven solutions for real-world problems in Africa. I’m grateful to the African Academy of Sciences, the European Union, and the African Union for their support through the ARISE Programme. Without their investment in African research, my work wouldn’t be possible.
For young researchers interested in fields like chemical engineering and environmental biotechnology, my advice is simple: stay curious, stay humble, and never stop learning. Build relationships with mentors who can guide you and be prepared to tackle complex problems with creativity and resilience. Our continent is full of opportunities to make a difference, and I truly believe that the next generation of African scientists will lead the way.
Together, we can build a sustainable future for Africa—one that’s cleaner, healthier, and more prosperous for all. 
Looking Ahead: Transforming Africa Through Science
As Dr Ba continues to develop his research, he remains optimistic about the potential impact of his work on sustainable development in Africa. His ultimate goal is to transform the Laboratory of Chemical & Environmental Engineering at ENI-ABT into a world-class research center, capable of addressing Africa’s unique environmental challenges and providing solutions that align with global sustainability goals.
Dr Ba also expresses his gratitude to the European Union, the African Union, and the AAS for their support through the ARISE Programme. He emphasizes the need for continued investment in African research and innovation, advocating for the expansion of initiatives like ARISE to empower more scientists across the continent. Through the ARISE Programme, the AAS is proud to support researchers like Dr Sidy Ba, who are harnessing the power of science to transform lives and create a sustainable, prosperous Africa.

Dr Sidy Ba is a fellow of the African Research Initiative for Scientific Excellence (ARISE) programme and an Associate Professor of Environmental Engineering at the National School of Engineers of Bamako (ENI-ABT) in Mali. ARISE is an innovative research and innovation (R&I) support programme of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS), implemented by the AAS in partnership with the African Union (AU) the European Commission (EC).